Researchers have discovered antibodies that could serve as the foundation for developing a vaccine or treatment for West Nile virus, a mosquito-borne disease that can cause acute brain inflammation and lead to death.
A report published in the journal «Immunity» revealed that while studying blood samples from patients who had recovered from the disease, scientists identified antibodies that could pave the way for new treatments for this virus.
Efficacy of Antibodies W010 and W014
During laboratory cloning of antibodies, one, named W010, was identified. It recognizes a protein on the virus envelope and attacks it. This protein facilitates the virus’s attachment to and infection of the patient’s cells.
Antibody W010 demonstrated the ability to protect mice both before infection with West Nile virus and for five days after infection.
A second antibody, W014, proved effective not only against West Nile virus but also against similar viruses, including Japanese encephalitis virus and Usutu virus.
Prospects for the Development of Medical Countermeasures
Researchers stated that the identification of these antibodies, along with the discovery of vulnerable sites they target in viruses, will pave the way for «the development of medical countermeasures against serious diseases that still lack sufficient medical solutions worldwide».
Currently, there is no specific treatment for West Nile virus or an approved vaccine. The study results highlight weaknesses in the virus that could assist in developing treatments or vaccines against it. The research could also help guide therapeutic interventions for a broader range of viruses that cause encephalitis.
Source: Sky News Arabia